Analysis on the causes of spatter and explosion in induction furnace smelting process

(1) The reaction of damp induction furnace charge and rusty carbon and oxygen, as well as the high-temperature decomposition reaction of iron oxides, continues to occur in the molten steel, which makes the molten steel generate a constant external power, and then a splash occurs.

(2) Slag crusting Slag is used to cover the surface of molten steel, protect alloy elements from oxidation, and has certain desulfurization, inclusion adsorption and thermal insulation functions. The main components of the slag include the lining materials washed and eroded into the slag during smelting and impurities brought by the furnace charge. When the heat dissipation rate of the slag is higher than the heat transfer rate of the molten steel, the surface of the slag crusts. The lower space of the slag shell forms a closed environment, and the gas generated by smelting cannot be released in time. When the gas reaches a certain pressure, it will open the slag shell and cause the molten metal and slag to be ejected.

(3) Reasons for bridge erection of furnace charge: too much charging at one time, the upper furnace charge is stacked too tightly, and the furnace charge is stuck and overhead; The charge structure is unreasonable, the upper block is small, the melting point is high, and the lower block is large, the melting point is low; The furnace wall is not smooth, which is unfavorable to the smooth running of furnace charge. After the furnace charge is bridged, the temperature of the lower molten pool keeps rising, forming a high temperature and high pressure atmosphere in the furnace. The molten metal severely erodes the refractory materials of the furnace lining, even leading to the leakage of local molten metal in the furnace body, which makes its cooling water enter the metal molten pool and cause a big explosion.

(4) The electromagnetic stirring of the metal liquid of the medium frequency furnace with the leakage of the induction coil scours the lining materials, leading to intensified corrosion. Some parts of the furnace lining are seriously eroded and become invalid. The molten steel will pass through the furnace there, and the molten steel will stick to the induction coil, causing short circuit and burn through between the two layers of induction coils. The cooling water in the coil will enter the furnace and cause explosion.